The Interpretation and Translation of Verbs of "Giving" in the New Testament 119 the action and Event. With this usage, all –animate Goal entities require completion by a +animate Benefactive. Translation of the verbs with this usage is difficult because English has no comparable usage. With the Greek usage, the verbs make an entity the Benefactive of the action and Event and equip or empower this entity to accomplish the Event. Translation by “equip” or “empower”, however, is unsuitable because these English verbs do not require completion by a Goal. The most frequently proposed translation, “permit”, also is unsuitable because this verb, which does not require completion by a Goal, designates the removal of an impediment to accomplishing the Event from an entity that otherwise could do so rather than equipping an entity to accomplish the Event. The closest English parallel “delegate”, requires completion by an Agent, an Event, and a Goal and encompasses the implication of equipping or empowering but does not place an entity other than the Agent in a Benefactive relationship with the Event. Since no single English verb can accommodate these constraints on interpretation, the translation coordinates “give” (δίδωμι and χαρίζομαι) or “give over” (παραδίδωμι) with the usage of Transference to a Goal and “delegate” and realizes the complements of the Greek verbs as the complements of “delegate”. This permits the English verb of “giving” to retrieve the content of its null Theme and Goal complements from the Event and Goal complements of “delegate” and to make the appropriate entity the Benefactive of the action and Event. With this usage, the Goal is realized by N+dat (to) when +animate and P/εἰς (to) when –animate. The Goal never is a definite null complement. When it is not a definite null complement, the Event is realized by either a ἵνα (that) clause (V+ἵνα) or by a non-maximal infinitive (to) verb phrase (V-i), that is, an infinitive phrase that does not incorporate its first complement. In all occurrences, the first complement of the verb of the ἵνα clause and of the infinitive is the Benefactive of the action and Event. This explains the peculiar constraints on the interpretation of the verbs with this usage. The verbs make an entity Benefactive of Event, thereby granting it sway over or the capacity to act with respect to the Event; and this equips or empowers the entity to accomplish the Event as first complement of the verb of the Event. Thus, the following translations realize the Benefactive of the Event as the first complement of the verb of the Event. The N+dat [+an] Goal appears on 21 occasions with this usage:18 18 N+dat [+an] Goal: δίδωμι, Matt 13,11a.11b; Mark 10,37; Luke 1,73-74; 8,10; John 5,26; Acts 4,29; Eph 3,16; 2 Tim 1,18; Rev 2,7; 3,21; 6,4a; 7,2; 9,5; 11,3; 13,7a.15a; 16,8; 19,8; παραδίδωμι, Acts 16,4; χαρίζομαι, Luke 7,21.