Paul Danove, «Distinguishing Goal and Locative Complements of New Testament Verbs of Transference.», Vol. 20 (2007) 51-66
This study develops a rigorous method for distinguishing the Goal or Locative function of dative case noun phrase and ei0j and pro/j prepositional phrase required complements of NT verbs that designate transference. The discussion examines the manner in which Greek verbs grammaticalize the event of transference and proposes a semantic feature, ±animate, which specifies whether the entity designated by the complement is or is not attributed with the characteristics of a living being. An investigation of all occurrences of the dative case, ei0j, and pro/j required verbal complements then permits a distinction in their function as either Goal or Locative based on their animacy. The study concludes with an investigation of the constraints that these verbs place on the interpretation of their required complements.
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Distinguishing Goal and Locative Complements of New Testament...
out); á¼Î¾Î±Ï€Î¿ÏƒÏ„έλλω (send out); á¼Î¾Ï‰Î¸á½³Ï‰; (drive out);καθίημι (lower);
κατάγω (being sown); κατευθύνω (direct); κÏύπτω (hide); μετατίθημι
(remove); μετοικίζω (move); παÏαδίδωμι (hand over); παÏαλαμβάνω
(take along); παÏατίθημι (place);πέμπω (send); Ï€Ïοπέμπω (send ahead);
ῥίπτω (throw down); σκοÏπίζω (scatter); σπείÏω (sow); συνάγω (gather);
τίθημι (put); φέÏω (bring); and χαλάω (lower). The following discussion
resolves the distribution of the Theme and εἰς complements according
to their animacy, develops a descriptive rule for distinguishing Goal and
Locative εἰς complements, and investigates the contribution of occur-
rences with indefinite null Theme complements.
The –animate Theme appears with a –animate εἰς complement on 81
occasions with 22 verbs, and the εἰς complement functions as a Goal22:
He cast his fingers into his ears (Mark 7,33)
ἔβαλεν τοὺς δακτύλους αá½Ï„οῦ εἰς Ï„á½° ὦτα αá½Ï„οῦ
He will gather his wheat into the barn (Matt 3,12)
συνάξει τὸν σῖτον αá½Ï„οῦ εἰς τὴν ἀποθήκην.
The +animate Theme appears with a –animate εἱς complement on 154
occasions with 36 verbs, and the εἰς complement functions as a Goal23.
The –animate Theme with a –animate εἰς complement (81 occurrences): αἴÏω (2),
22
Mark 6,8; Luke 9,3; ἀναλαμβάνω (1), Acts 10,16; ἀποφέÏω (1), 1 Cor 16,3; βάλλω (39),
Matt 3,10; 4,18; 5,29b; 6,30; 7,19; 9,17a.17b; 13,47; 17,27; 21,21; 27,6; Mark 2,22; 7,33;
11,23; 12,41a.43b; Luke 3,9; 5,37.38; 12,28; 13,19; 21,1; John 13,2.5; 18,11; 20,25a.25b.27;
21,6a; Acts 22,23; Jas 3,3; Rev 8,5.7.8; 12,4; 14,19a.19b; 18,21a; 20,14; δίδωμι (5), Luke
6,38c; 15,22; John 13,3; Heb 8,10; Rev 17,17a; á¼Î³ÎºÏύπτω (2), Matt 13,33; Luke 13,21;
εἰσφέÏω (3), Acts 17,20; 1 Tim 6,7 Heb 13,11; á¼ÎºÎ²á½±Î»Î»Ï‰ (3), Matt 12,20; 15,17; Acts 27,38;
á¼ÎºÏ†á½³Ïω (1), 1 Tim 6,7; ἕλκω (1), John 21,11; á¼Î¼Î²á½±Ï€Ï„ω (1), Mark 14,20; á¼Î¾Ï‰Î¸á½³Ï‰ (1), Acts
27,39; κατευθύνω (2), Luke 1,79; 2 Thess 3,5; μετατίθημι (2), Acts 7,16; Jude 4; πέμπω (1),
Rev 1,11; ῥίπτω (1), Matt 27,5; σπείÏω (3), Matt 13,22; Mark 4,15b.18; συνάγω (5), Matt
3,12; 6,26; 13,30; Luke 3,17; John 4,36; τίθημι (3), Luke 9,44; 11,33; Rev 11,9; φέÏω (2),
Rev 21,24.26; χαλάω (2), Luke 5,4; Acts 27,30. The definite null Theme complement with
συνάγω in Matt 6,26 may be retrieved from the previous context.
The +animate Theme with a –animate εἰς complement (154 occurrences): ἄγω (12),
23
Luke 4,9; 10,34; John 18,28; Acts 6,12; 9,2; 11,26; 21,34; 22,5; 23,10.31; Rom 2,4; Heb 2,10;
ἀνάγω (4), Matt 4,1; Luke 2,22; Acts 9,39; 16,34; ἀναλαμβάνω (3), Mark 16,19; Acts 1,11;
ἀναφέÏω (3), Matt 17,1; Mark 9,2; Luke 24,51; ἀπάγω (1), Luke 22,66; ἀποδίδωμι (1),
Acts 7,9; ἀπολύω (1), Mark 8,3; ἀποστέλλω (15), Matt 8,31; 20,2; Mark 8,26; Luke 1,26-27;
10,1; John 3,17; 10,36; 17,18a.18b; Acts 7,34; 10,8; 19,22; 2 Tim 4,12; 1 John 4,9; Rev 5,6;
ἀποφέÏω (2), Luke 16,22; Rev 17,3; á¼Ïπάζω (2), 2 Cor 12,4; 1 Thess 4,17; βάλλω (29), Matt
5,25; 13,42.50; 18,8b.9b.30; Mark 9,22.42.45.47; Luke 12,58; 23,25; John 3,24; 5,7; 15,6b;
21,7; Acts 16,23.24.37; Rev 2,10.22; 12,4.9b.13; 19,20; 20,3.10.15; δίδωμι (1), Acts 19,31;
εἰσάγω (7), Luke 22,54; Acts 9,8; 21,28.29.37; 22,24; Heb 1,6; εἰσφέÏω (2), Matt 6,13; Luke
11,4; á¼ÎºÎ²á½±Î»Î»Ï‰ (7), Matt 8,12; 9,38; 22,13; 25,30; Mark 1,12; Luke 10,2; Acts 16,37; á¼ÎºÏ€á½³Î¼Ï€Ï‰
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