David Volgger, «The Day of Atonement according to the Temple Scroll», Vol. 87 (2006) 251-260
The Temple Scroll (11Q19) dedicates about two and a half columns to the Day of
Atonement (25,10-27,10). The present study concentrates on the content of the
transmitted text (25,10-16; 26-3-13, and 27,01-02.1-10), analyses its structure,
and explains its development of thought. The focus of the text seems to be on the
concept of the sin-offering. First, the sin-offering of a he-goat makes part of the
common festival sacrifice. Second, the two rams belong as burnt-offering to the
special sin-offering of the Feast. And third, a he-goat for YHWH is offered as a
special sin-offering on the altar of burnt-offering, whereas, a second he-goat for
Azazel bears all the sins of Israel and is sent out into the desert. Since the he-goat
for Azazel does not get in touch with the altar of burnt-offering, it cannot be
classified as a burnt-offering. Moreover, it shares only one major feature with the
other sin-offerings, namely, to remove sins.
252 David Volgger
II wb hmtbrqhw
?µymymt¿ h[bç hnç ynb µyçbk dja lya dja rp hwhyl (13) hlw[
µyrwpkh tafjm dbl tafjl dja µyz[ (14) ry[ç
~
ry[çlw µyçbklw lyal rpl hmfpçmk (15) hmksnw hmtjnmw
III wbyrqt µyrwpkh tafjlw
hlw[l µynç µyla (16)
..
? ¿ whyba tyb l[w wyl[ lwdgh ˆhwkh byrqy dja
.. ¿ ?a¿mfy ? .. ¿ (26,3)
IV ?
(4)
?twlrwg µyry[çh ynç¿ ?l[ lwdg¿h ˆh?wkh ˆtnw¿
hwhyl dj¿a lrwg
?lazz[l dja lrwgw
IV.1 hwhyl lrwgh wyl[ h¿l[ rça ry[çh ta wfjç?w¿ (5)
wd¿yb rça bhzh qrzmb wmd ta (6) ?ˆhwkh lbqw
wl rça rph (7) µdl h?ç[ rçak wm¿dl hç?[w
lhqh µ[ lwk l[ wb rpkw
hlw[h jbzm l[ ryfqy wksn (8) tjnm taw wblj taw
wrp lxa wpwrçy (9) wçrp taw wrw[ taw wrçb taw
awh lhqh tafj
lhqh µ[ lwk l[ wb rpkyw
hmhl jlsnw (10)
IV.2 tafjh µdm wylgr taw wydy ta ≈jrw
yjh ry[çh (11) la abw
larçy ynb twnww[ lwk ta wçawr l[ hdwthw
hmtafj lwkl hmtmça lwk (12) µ[
ry[çh çawr l[ hmntnw
yt[ çya dyb rbdmh lazz[l (13) wjlçw
? .. ¿ twnww[ lwk ta ry[çh açnw
? .. ¿md ta? .. ¿ (27,01)
V
?hw¿hy ynpl ?awh j¿wjyn jyr yva (02)
? .. ¿h l? .. ¿h µwyb m? .. ¿ (1)
VI
? .. ¿hmhl jlsnw larçy ynb lwk l[ (2)
hmfp?çmk µyçbk¿h taw l?ya¿h taw rph ta hç[y rja (3)
hlw[h jbzm l[ (4)
larçy ynbl hlw?[¿h htxrnw
hmhytwrwdl (5) ~µl?w¿[ twqwj
hnçb tja µ[p