Nathan Eubank, «Dying with Power. Mark 15,39 from Ancient to Modern Interpretation», Vol. 95 (2014) 247-268
This article examines the reception-history of Mark 15,39 to shed new light on this pivotal and disputed verse. Mark's earliest known readers emended the text to clarify the centurion's feelings about Jesus and to explain how the centurion came to faith. Copyists inserted references to Jesus' final yell around the same time that patristic commentators were claiming that this yell was a miracle that proved Jesus' divinity, an interpretation which was enshrined in the Byzantine text and the Vulgate. The article concludes that a 'sarcastic' reading is a more adequate description of 15,39 as found in B, NA28 etc.
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266 NATHAN EUBANK
15:37. But because 15:38 is already a natural cipher for theophany,
the impact of its insertion here must be obvious: it characterizes the
christophany as a theophany! Jesus’ self-disclosure is an act of divine
self-disclosure. In his death, which culminates his mission of rejec-
tion and suffering (and thus satisfies the need for secrecy), Jesus mani-
fests his true identity; and the effect, according to Mark, is equivalent
to God himself showing his “face” 51.
In short, the concurrence of the climactic revelation of Jesus as
the Son of God and the ripping of the temple veil — an act which
exposes the God who dwells within and is described with a divine
passive of sci,zw as in 1,10 — can hardly be accidental. The cen-
turion stands “in the presence of” the God who dwelt in the temple.
Yet, Chronis’ interpretation is weakened by his assumption that
the centurion’s confession is sincere. He argues that his interpreta-
tion avoids artificial explanations of how the centurion could have
seen the temple veil, claiming that he only “modestly assumes only
that Mark would have known what (whom!) the veil’s destruction
would have left exposed” 52. Like Marcus, Chronis conflates the
story and the discourse of Mark; surely Mark was indeed interested
in “whom” the veil’s destruction left exposed, but this does not ex-
plain why, at the story level, the centurion would suddenly think
that the pathetic corpse dangling in front of him was a son of God.
A two-level reading of evx evnanti,aj auvtou/ is in keeping with the
rest of v.39, and, indeed, with the rest of the passion narrative. The
centurion stands “against” the man he mocks, but the readers see
the rending of the temple veil and know the centurion truly is stand-
ing “in the presence of” the Son of God.
* *
*
For both ancient and modern interpreters of Mark two habits of
reading have commended a “sincere” interpretation of the centu-
rion’s words. First, interpreters have read Mark through the lens of
Matthew and Luke where it is clear that the centurion is not being
snide. Furthermore, the Johannine claim that Jesus had the power
51
Ibid., 110
52
Ibid., 111.