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Vol 16 (2003)
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Paul Danove, «le&gw Melding In The Septuagint And New Testament», Vol. 16 (2003) 19-31
This study investigates the grammatical phenomenon, le&gw melding, which arises in particular contexts in which two or three verbs of communication, one of which usually is le&gw, govern the same object complement. The study establishes the syntactic, semantic, and lexical requirements of the verbs of communication that participate in le&gw melding, develops the distinctive characteristics of this phenomenon, and considers its implications for translation and the formulation of lexicon entries for the Greek words of the Septuagint and New Testament.
See more by the same author
«Distinguishing Goal and Locative Complements of New Testament Verbs of Transference.» 2007 51-66 
«The Rhetoric of the Characterization of Jesus as the Son of Man and Christ in Mark» 2003 16-34
«Verbs of Transference and Their Derivatives of Motion and State in the New Testament: a Study of Focus and Perspective.» 2006 53-71
«A Comparison Of The Usage Of Akouw And Akouw- Compounds
In The Septuagint And New Testament» 2001 65-86
«The Rhetoric of the Characterization of Jesus as the Son of Man and Christ in Mark» 2003 16-34
«Verbs of Transference and Their Derivatives of Motion and State in the New Testament: a Study of Focus and Perspective.» 2006 53-71
«A Comparison Of The Usage Of Akouw And Akouw- Compounds
In The Septuagint And New Testament» 2001 65-86
23
Λέγω Melding in the Septuagint and New Testament
(410 in LXX and 166 in NT) appear in the format, verb of communica-
tion + λέγω. The intrusion of a verb of communication other than λέγω
between an initial verb of communication and its third complement also
appears on eleven occasions (7 in LXX and 4 in NT): ἀπαγγέλλω + [a
second] ἀπαγγέλλω; ἀποκρίνομαι + ἀπαγγέλλω or προσλέγω (reply) or
φημί (say); ἐρωτάω (ask) + ἐπερωτάω; and παρακαλέω + κελεύω. Finally,
on four occasions (2 in LXX and 2 in NT), two verbs of communication
intrude between an initial verb and its third complement: ἀποκρίνομαι +
λέγω + [a second] λέγω; and ἐπερωτάω + [a second] ἐπερωτάω + λέγω.
Λέγω melding differs from coordination in that it imposes a restric-
tion on the number of second complements that may receive lexical re-
alization among linked verbs. For two linked verbs, coordination permits
the lexical realization of neither, one, or both second complements even
when they have the same lexical realization. This is apparent in the co-
ordination of two verbs that permit their second complements to receive
lexical realization as a dative case noun phrase:8
ἐντείλατο Μωυσῆς Ἰησοὶ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Ἀνδρίζου... Moses commanded Joshua and
said to him, “Be brave...” (Deut 31:23)
ἀπεκρίθη Ιωναθαν τῷ Σαουλ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Παρήτηται ∆αυιδ... Jonathan re-
sponded to Saul and said to him, “David requested...” (1 Sam 20:28)
Λέγω melding, in contrast, imposes the restriction that, among linked
verbs with the same lexical realization for their second complements, at
most one verb may have its second complement lexically realized. For
example, on 503 occasions, λέγω melding links a verb of communication
and λέγω; and the verb of communication, like λέγω, permits the lexical
realization of its second complement as either a dative case noun phrase
(N+dat) or a πρός prepositional phrase (P/πρός). In these occurrences,
either the first verb (234) or λέγω (103) or neither verb (166) but never
both verbs have their second complement lexically realized.9 The same
See also Gen 42:7; Exod 6:2; 2 Sam 4:9; 24:13; 2 Kgs 25:24; 2 Chr 23:14; 1 Macc 13:35.
8
Second complement of the verb of communication lexically realized and second com-
9
plement of λέγω null (234 occurrences = 209 in LXX and 25 in NT): ἀναγγέλλω (N+dat:
Gen 45:26; Exod 13:8; Lev 14:35; 2 Sam 11:10; 17:16; 1 Kgs 21:17 [A]; 2 Kgs 6:13; 7:10;
8:7); ἀπαγγέλλω (N+dat: Gen 38:24 [R]; 47:1; Num 11:27; 1 Sam 19:2, 11; 25:14; 2 Sam 2:4;
17:16 [A]; 1 Kgs 12:6 [R]; 21:17; 2 Kgs 4:31; 6:13 [R]; 2 Chr 34:18; 1 Macc 5:38; P/πρός: 2
Sam 15:13); ἀποκρίνομαι (N+dat: Gen 23:14; 41:16a; Deut 1:14, 41; Josh 1:16; 7:20; 9:24; 1
Sam 9:8, 19; 20:3; 21:5; 22:14; 25:10; 2 Sam 15:21; 19:44; 1 Kgs 1:36; 2:1; 12:16; 2 Kgs 7:19;
1 Esdr 6:12; Job 1:7; 40:1; Zech 1:11; Matt 12:38; 14:28; 20:13; 21:27; 25:37, 45; Mark 3:33;
9:19; 10:51; 11:33; 15:2, 9; John 1:26; Acts 8:34; 25:9; P/πρός: Gen 23:5; 1 Sam 14:12; 2 Sam
19:43; 2 Chr 10:16; Hab 2:2; Luke 6:3); δηλόω (N+dat: Josh 4:7); διαλογίζομαι (P/πρός:
Mark 11:31; Luke 20:14); διαστέλλομαι (N+dat: Mark 8:15); ἐντέλλομαι (N+dat: Gen 2:16;


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